Lactobacilli naturally compose the vast majority of the intimate flora (around 90%), as described in this review. They mainly participate in lactic acid production. This lactic acid maintains a slightly acidic vaginal pH, creating an environment hostile to pathogen proliferation.
Another action: they prevent their adhesion to the vaginal mucosa and form a physical barrier.
Probiotics used for the maintenance of good vaginal health are therefore derived from this family of microorganisms.
Nevertheless, I must specify: there are no authorized claims yet for the prevention of gynecological infections.
As shown in this 2023 scientific review I found, not all scientific studies agree on the effectiveness of probiotic strains. The research is too heterogeneous to affirm definite benefits.
Five of these strains, however, have shown particularly positive and promising effects.
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1. Lactobacillus rhamnosus
I recommend this strain for its preventive benefits against yeast infections and bacterial-origin vaginitis.
The lactobacillus adheres to vaginal and cervical cells and prevents the growth of pathogens, as indicated by this in vitro study.
2. Lactobacillus reuteri
According to this scientific review I found, this strain has shown beneficial effects in preventing vaginal infections.
Nonetheless, it is mostly studied in combination with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or acidophilus. Therefore, it’s difficult to evaluate its action alone.
In pharmacies, you will generally find it associated with other strains.
3. Lactobacillus crispatus
For vaginal health, I also think of this strain. It has shown very promising results against vaginosis and vaginal infections by candida, in this double-blind clinical study.
4. Lactobacillus acidophilus
This probiotic strain has shown positive effects in vitro against Gardnerella infections in this study, as well as other pathogens that can affect urogenital health, according to this other research I noted.
5. Lactobacillus plantarum
A 2018 in vitro study notably suggests its positive impact against urinary infections and mentions its potential to combat recurrences of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Where to find these strains favorable to vaginal health?
These probiotic strains from the lactobacillus family can be found in specialized dietary supplements for women’s health. As well as in ovules to be inserted locally.
In parallel, I advise you to enrich your diet with natural probiotics. Add sauerkraut, yogurts, and other fermented dairy products containing probiotic strains, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus reuteri.
The plus? They are not only good for the vaginal area. They can also be beneficial for your intestinal health.
What is the link between intimate flora health and probiotics?
The Döderlein flora
To keep us healthy and prevent the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, the vagina can rely on its microbiome: the Döderlein flora. Far from misconceptions, these commensal bacteria are not necessarily harmful to the body, quite the opposite!
Largely composed of lactobacilli, the microorganisms lining the vaginal wall maintain a good balance. They are supported by those found in the intestinal microbiome.
A fragile balance
Nevertheless, this balance can be disrupted. Stress, an unbalanced diet, a hygiene routine too harsh for the mucous membranes, hormonal changes, a medical treatment, and other factors can cause intestinal and vaginal dysbiosis. The two microbiomes are very connected.
However, if your vaginal flora is imbalanced, gynecological infections can occur. I am particularly thinking of:
- candidiasis
- vaginitis
- cystitis
But also irritation and itching, dryness, unpleasant odors, and a disturbance of the menstrual cycle.
To prevent the onset of these discomforts, preserve the flora or restore it, I recommend courses of probiotic supplements. But above all, a healthy lifestyle and a balanced diet. And better stress management if necessary.
Sources and scientific studies
Saraf VS, Sheikh SA, Ahmad A, 2021, Vaginal microbiome: normalcy vs dysbiosis. Arch Microbiol.
Barrientos-Durán A, Fuentes-López A, de Salazar A, 2020, Inclusion of Nutrition and Probiotic Factors in the Maintenance of Eubiosis.
Liu P, Lu Y, Li R, Chen X, 2023, Use of probiotic lactobacilli in the treatment of vaginal infections: In vitro and in vivo investigations.
Coudeyras S, Jugie G, Vermerie M, Forestier C, 2008, Adhesion of human probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus to cervical and vaginal cells and interaction with vaginosis-associated pathogens.
Chee WJY, Chew SY, Than LTL, 2020, Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health.
Mändar R, Sõerunurk G, Štšepetova J, Smidt I, 2023, Impact of Lactobacillus crispatus-containing oral and vaginal probiotics on vaginal health: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial.
Aroutcheva AA, Simoes JA, Faro S, 2001, Antimicrobial protein produced by vaginal Lactobacillus acidophilus that inhibits Gardnerella vaginalis.
Gregor Reid, 2000, In vitro testing of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFMTM as a possible probiotic for the urogenital tract.
Kang CH, Kim Y, Han SH, Kim JS, Paek NS, So JS, 2018, In vitro probiotic properties of vaginal Lactobacillus fermentum MG901 and Lactobacillus plantarum MG989 against Candida albicans.
