Hypotension: the most effective dietary supplements

Low blood pressure (hypotension) is characterized by abnormally low arterial blood pressure. In general, hypotension is defined as a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure less than 60 mmHg. It can be classified into several types: orthostatic hypotension, which occurs when standing up, and chronic constitutional hypotension.

Causes of hypotension

The causes of hypotension can be varied and include:nn• Heart failurenn• Myocarditisnn• Aortic or mitral stenosisnn• Congenital heart diseasesnn• Constrictive pericarditisnn• Addison's diseasenn• Pituitary insufficiencynn• Simmonds' diseasenn• Anemiann• Diseases causing severe weight loss and a deterioration of general condition, such as anorexia nervosa, tuberculosis, cirrhosis, or certain cancers.nn• Use of medications such as antihypertensives, phenothiazines, and nitrate derivatives

Symptoms of hypotension

The symptoms of hypotension can vary depending on severity and the underlying cause, but generally include:nn• Chronic fatiguenn• Dizzinessnn• Faintingnn• Headachesnn• Palpitationsnn• Difficulty concentratingnn• Visual disturbancesnn• Anxiety and depressionnn• Nausea

Treatment of hypotension

Treatment of hypotension depends on the underlying cause and often combines lifestyle measures with medications.nnCertain habits may help improve blood pressure and prevent fainting:nn• Increase water and salt intake to maintain adequate blood volume.nn• Avoid standing up too quickly to reduce the risk of dizziness.nn• Wear compression stockings or an abdominal binder to improve venous return.nn• Elevate the head of the bed at night to avoid morning drops in blood pressure.nn• Avoid lying down for prolonged periods during the day.nn• Take short cold showers on the legs to stimulate circulation.nnWhen lifestyle measures are not sufficient, medications may be prescribed:nn• Fludrocortisone (Florinef®): This medication increases plasma volume by promoting sodium and water retention.nn• Midodrine (Gutron®): An alpha-1 agonist that causes vasoconstriction of arteries and veins, thereby increasing blood pressure.nn• Erythropoietin: Used to treat anemia, it also improves orthostatic tolerance.nn• Sympathomimetics: Drugs such as dihydroergotamine (Dihydergot®), ephedrine, or etilefrine (Effortil®) can be used to stimulate circulation.nnMedical follow-up is essential to tailor treatment to each situation.nn