Canker sores: the most effective dietary supplements

Canker sores are painful inflammatory ulcers that appear inside the mouth, particularly on the gums, the edge of the tongue, or the inner cheeks. These lesions, of varying size (generally 5 to 10 mm in diameter), round or oval, are characterized by a grayish or yellowish necrotic base surrounded by a bright red inflammatory halo. Canker sores occur in outbreaks and can make swallowing and speaking uncomfortable.

Risk Factors

The mechanism of canker sore formation is multifactorial and may include: • Genetic predisposition : Some people, particularly those with a family history of canker sores, have a genetic predisposition. Histocompatibility antigens (HLA) also play a role in this susceptibility. • Nutritional deficiencies : Deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, or folic acid can increase the risk of developing canker sores. • Mechanical trauma : An accidental bite, a poorly fitted dental prosthesis, or aggressive tooth brushing can promote the appearance of these ulcers. • Irritating foods : Certain foods such as nuts, acidic cheeses (Gruyère, Parmesan), or tomatoes and unpeeled raw fruits can trigger or worsen canker sores. • Emotional factors : Stress, anxiety, and strong emotions are often associated with an increase in canker sore outbreaks.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of canker sores is mainly based on clinical examination. Their onset and course, as well as the patient's medical history, generally allow a diagnosis to be made. No specific laboratory test is necessary to confirm the presence of canker sores.

Treatment

Treatment of canker sores aims to relieve pain, speed healing, and prevent recurrences. • Local treatment : The use of silver-based solutions, in the form of mouthwashes, has anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties. These mouthwashes can be used 2 to 3 times a day for 5 to 7 days. • Topical analgesics : Lidocaine-based gels or mouthwashes containing sucralfate can be used to reduce pain and promote healing. • Avoid triggers : It is recommended to reduce the consumption of foods known to trigger canker sores and to avoid mechanical trauma in the oral cavity (adjust dental prostheses, avoid foods that are too acidic or hard).

Prevention

Prevention of canker sores relies on managing identified triggers. Adopting good oral hygiene, avoiding irritating foods, and reducing stress can limit recurrences. If canker sores are frequent and affect quality of life, preventive treatment may be considered with the help of a healthcare professional.