Hydroxycitric acid: benefits, dosage, contraindications
Other name(s)
Garcinia
Scientific name(s)
hydroxycitric acid
Family or group:
Phytosubstances
Indications
Scoring methodology
EFSA approval.
Sports performance ✪✪✪✪✪
Preliminary clinical research shows that taking 250 mg of hydroxycitric acid per day for 5 days, while participating in daily training, increases time to exhaustion from about 25 minutes to about 45 minutes in previously untrained women. Other preliminary clinical research shows that taking 250 mg of hydroxycitric acid per day for 5 days increases time to exhaustion compared to placebo in elite athletes.
Posologie
Orally
250 mg
Obesity ✪✪✪✪✪
A preliminary clinical trial shows that, when taken by overweight and obese adults who exercise and follow a hypocaloric diet, a product containing 2800 mg of hydroxycitric acid or the same product plus 2 mg of chromium bound to niacin and 400 mg of gymnema extract per day for 8 weeks reduces body weight and body mass index by about 5 to 6% compared with baseline. nnHowever, other clinical research shows that oral administration of hydroxycitric acid for only 2 weeks does not significantly reduce weight, satiety, fat oxidation, or energy expenditure compared with control in obese individuals.nn
Posologie
Orally
2800 mg
Synergies
Effects of a natural extract of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) and a combination of HCA-SX plus niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss
The effect of (-)-hydroxycitrate on energy intake and satiety in overweight humans
Cancer ✪✪✪✪✪
The cancer cell has an abnormal metabolism that makes it hungry for glucose. It cannot burn this sugar because the mitochondrion is not functioning properly. Therefore the cell ferments and divides rapidly. The goal is to enable the mitochondrion to burn sugar derivatives and thus slow cancer growth. There is a treatment that combines alpha-lipoic acid and hydroxycitrate. The alpha-lipoic acid is a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase. This enzyme allows pyruvate (a derivative of glucose) to be burned in the mitochondrion. Hydroxycitrate inhibits citrate lyase, an enzyme essential for the synthesis of cellular membranes, hence its anticancer effect. Daily treatment: - Alpha-lipoic acid: 800 mg in the morning and 800 mg in the evening orally. - Hydroxycitrate: 500 mg in the morning, at noon, and in the evening.
Posologie
Orally
500 mg
Synergies
Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a potential metabolic-targeting therapy for cancer
Metabolic treatment of cancer: intermediate results of a prospective case series
Screening of well-established drugs targeting cancer metabolism: reproducibility of the efficacy of a highly effective drug combination in mice
The long-term survival of a patient with pancreatic cancer with metastases to the liver after treatment with the intravenous alpha-lipoic acid/low-dose naltrexone protocol
Cancer: a simple, non-toxic treatment, Dr. Laurent Schwartz
Tumor regression with a combination of drugs interfering with the tumor metabolism: efficacy of hydroxycitrate, lipoic acid and capsaicin
Adding a combination of hydroxycitrate and lipoic acid (METABLOC™) to chemotherapy improves effectiveness against tumor development: experimental results and case report
Properties
Hypolipidemic
In vitro, hydroxycitric acid (HCA) competitively inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) citrate lyase, which is involved in the conversion of carbohydrates into fats (lipogenesis). The inhibition of this enzyme prevents the cleavage of citrate into oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA, thereby limiting the availability of acetyl-CoA for lipogenesis. Through this mechanism, HCA limits the biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol in various tissues. However, human research remains contradictory. Animal research suggests that HCA increases the release and availability of serotonin in the brain, which is involved in appetite control, and increases hepatic glycogen synthesis, which influences liver glucoreceptors and increases satiety.
Usages associés
Safety assessment of (-)-hydroxycitric acid and Super CitriMax, a novel calcium/potassium salt
Effects of 2-week ingestion of (-)-hydroxycitrate and (-)-hydroxycitrate combined with medium-chain triglycerides on satiety and food intake
Effects of a natural extract of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) and a combination of HCA-SX plus niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss
Body weight and abdominal fat gene expression profile in response to a novel hydroxycitric acid-based dietary supplement
Transcriptome of primary adipocytes from obese women in response to a novel hydroxycitric acid-based dietary supplement
Hypoglycemic
Animal research shows that hydroxycitric acid reduces insulin resistance and lowers plasma insulin and fasting glucose levels in diabetic mice. Other animal studies show that hydroxycitric acid decreases glucose absorption in small intestine tissue and improves glucose tolerance in rats.
Super CitriMax (HCA-SX) attenuates increases in oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, and body weight in developing obese Zucker rats
Effect of hydroxycitrate on respiratory quotient, energy expenditure, and glucose tolerance in male rats after a period of restrictive feeding
Anti-inflammatory
Hydroxycitric acid may have anti-inflammatory effects. Animal research shows that hydroxycitric acid reduces the expression of genes related to inflammation and lowers inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6.
Nephroprotective
In an animal model, hydroxycitric acid reduces calcium oxalate crystals, as well as markers of oxidative stress and kidney failure.
Anticancer
In vitro, HCA competitively inhibits the extramitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) citrate lyase enzyme, which is involved in converting carbohydrates into fats (lipogenesis). According to Dr. Schwartz's book (Cancer: a simple, non-toxic treatment), in the case of cancer, the tumor mitochondrion "leaks". Citrate exits the mitochondrion to enter the surrounding cytoplasm. The key enzyme, citrate lyase, must be blocked by hydroxycitrate.
Safe dosage
Adults aged 18 years and older: 250 mg - 2800 mg
Interactions
Médicaments
Antiplatelet agents/Anticoagulants: low interaction
Theoretically, hydroxycitric acid (HCA) could increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications.
Antidiabetic medications: low interaction
Theoretically, hydroxycitric acid (HCA) could have additive effects with antidiabetic medications and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Precautions
Pregnant women: avoid
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should refrain from taking HCA.
Breastfeeding women: avoid
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should refrain from taking HCA.
