Sea buckthorn: benefits, dosage, contraindications

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Sea buckthorn is a spiny shrub of the Elaeagnaceae family, native to the temperate regions of Europe and Asia. This shrub can reach up to 3 meters in height and is known for its bright orange fruits, the sea buckthorn berries, which are not only edible but also extremely nutritious. These berries are exceptionally rich in vitamin C and contain a multitude of vitamins such as A, B1, B2, E, F, K, and P, as well as essential minerals like iron, calcium, and magnesium. Historically, sea buckthorn has been valued in various medicinal traditions around the world, including ancient Greece, the Roman Empire, Mongolia, Tibet, and Russia. Therapeutic uses of sea buckthorn berries are numerous, ranging from their use in herbal medicine to revitalize the body and fight fatigue, to cosmetic applications for the skin due to their content of essential fatty acids and antioxidants. The plant is especially famous for its oil, extracted from the seeds and the fruit pulp, rich in antioxidants and varying depending on the extraction process. This oil is commonly used for its beneficial effects on the skin, notably in the treatment of burns, wound healing, and various dermatoses such as psoriasis and eczema. Today, sea buckthorn is mainly cultivated for its berries, which are a rich source of vitamin C, providing about 400 mg per 100 grams of fruit.

Scientific name(s)

Hippophae rhamnoides

Family or group: 

Plants

Active ingredients:

Vitamin C


Indications

Scoring methodology

EFSA approval.

Several randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials (> 2), including a significant number of patients (>100), with consistently positive conclusions for the indication.
Several randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials (> 2), including a significant number of patients (>100), with positive conclusions for the indication.
One or more randomized studies, or several cohorts or epidemiological studies, with positive conclusions for the indication.
Clinical studies exist but are uncontrolled, with conclusions that may be positive or conflicting.
No clinical studies to date that can demonstrate the indication.


Burns
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In a randomized triple-blind clinical trial, the efficacy of sea buckthorn cream for the treatment of second-degree burns was compared with that of 1% silver sulfadiazine (SSD) dressings. The study included 55 patients with second-degree burns, randomly assigned to two groups, one treated with sea buckthorn cream and the other with SSD cream. Dressings were changed until complete wound healing, monitored using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool.nnThe results showed that the healing time for second-degree burns was significantly shorter for the group treated with sea buckthorn cream, with a mean of 6.7 days, compared to the SSD-treated group, where healing took an average of 11.2 days. This statistically significant difference demonstrates a clinically superior efficacy of sea buckthorn cream in the treatment of second-degree burns.nn

Posologie

posologieTopically: seed, berries

formulationoil, cream


Cold
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Sea buckthorn is known for its high vitamin C content, with about 400 mg per 100 grams of fruit, making it an important source of antioxidants. Traditionally, it has been used to boost the immune system and fight infections such as the common cold. However, a clinical trial conducted in healthy volunteers did not demonstrate a clear efficacy of sea buckthorn in preventing or reducing the duration of common cold symptoms. In that study, daily consumption of 28 g of frozen sea buckthorn berry purée for 90 days did not show a significant difference compared to placebo in reducing the risk of developing a cold or in symptom duration.

Posologie

posologieOral: berries

posologie30 mL

formulationjuice


Dermatoses
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Initial clinical research shows mixed results regarding the use of sea buckthorn seed oil and pulp to treat dermatoses. One study suggests that daily consumption of 5 g of seed oil and sea buckthorn pulp for four months may improve the severity of atopic dermatitis, although the efficacy of seed oil alone is not confirmed, and that of sea buckthorn pulp is not significantly different from placebo. Furthermore, topical application of a 10% or 20% sea buckthorn cream for four weeks did not reduce the severity of atopic dermatitis in mild to moderate cases. However, a small clinical trial showed that applying a sea buckthorn fruit extract in corn oil twice daily for eight weeks reduced the severity of psoriatic lesions compared with corn oil alone.

Posologie

posologieTopical: berries, seed

formulationfluid extract, oil


Wrinkles
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A preliminary clinical study on individuals with photo-induced facial damage and severe fine wrinkles examined the effects of a specific combined product (GliSODin Skin Nutrients Advanced Anti-Aging Formula, Isocell North America Inc.). Taken as a capsule three times daily for 90 days, in addition to topical application of 0.1% tazarotene cream, this treatment improved the appearance of wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, and sun damage compared with the use of tazarotene cream alone. Each dose of three capsules contains 200 mg of sea buckthorn berry oil, 600 mg of krill oil, 10 mg of zinc, 400 IU of vitamin D, 100 mg of cocoa bean extract, 30 mg of hyaluronic acid, 30 mg of red clover flower isoflavones, and 500 mg of melon extract (SOD).

Posologie

posologieOral: berries, seed

posologie200 mg

formulationGLISODIN®, oil


Synergies


Healthy aging
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The study published in Clinical Interventions in Aging in 2019 examined the effects of a polyphenol-rich extract from sea buckthorn berries on stem cell mobilization in healthy human subjects. The randomized, double-blind trial involved taking 500 mg of the extract and measured increases in specific types of stem cells in the blood. The results showed a rapid and selective mobilization of several stem cell types, including endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells, which could contribute to tissue regeneration and repair. These observations may explain the traditional use of sea buckthorn for preventive health and slowing the aging process, underscoring its potential for possible applications in regenerative medicine.

Posologie

posologieOral: berries

posologie500 mg

formulationdry extract


Properties


Antioxidant

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Many laboratory, animal, and human studies have demonstrated the antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn. This property could explain its potential beneficial effect on various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, immune disorders, inflammatory diseases, liver disorders, radiation-induced injuries, eye disorders, and chemotherapy-related toxicity. Sea buckthorn flavonoids, in particular, are recognized for their ability to neutralize free radicals and protect against oxidative stress and radiation.

Usages associés

Cold

Anti-aging

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Traditionally used to slow the aging process and promote regeneration, sea buckthorn, thanks to an extract rich in proanthocyanidins, mobilizes the stem cells involved in regeneration, including certain types of stem cells.

Usages associés

Healthy aging

Cardiovascular

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Sea buckthorn flavonoids are known to lower cholesterol, reduce inflammation, and decrease platelet aggregation, thereby contributing to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. In healthy volunteers, consumption of sea buckthorn berry puree significantly reduced CRP, an indicator of inflammation.


Anti-inflammatory

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In healthy subjects and obese patients, sea buckthorn berries and oil have demonstrated their ability to reduce levels of C-reactive protein.


Dermatological effect

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Sea buckthorn promotes wound healing. Animal studies and some human data suggest that its extracts protect cells against damage from lipid peroxidation and improve epithelial tissue regeneration and wound granulation, thereby increasing blood flow to injured areas.

Usages associés

Burns, Dermatoses, Wrinkles


Safe dosage

Adults aged 12 and over: 30 mL (juice)

You can consume sea buckthorn as juice or concentrate, as berry oil, or as seed oil. - Juice: 30 mL every morning. - Oil: 1/2 teaspoon per day.

Children aged 1 to 12 years:

Oral consumption of sea buckthorn appears to be safe for children when used appropriately, with doses of 5 to 15 g per day for up to 8 weeks in children aged 1 to 7 years.


Precautions

Pregnant women: use with caution

Consumption in dietary amounts.

Breastfeeding women: use with caution

Consumption in dietary amounts.


Contraindications

Gallstones: contraindicated

Sea buckthorn oil should not be used in cases of gallstones because of its choleretic effect.