Resveratrol: benefits, dosage, contraindications
Family or group:
Phytochemicals
Indications
Scoring methodology
EFSA approval.
Metabolic syndrome ✪✪✪✪✪
Studies show that resveratrol was not significantly effective on total cholesterol, or inflammatory markers compared with placebo in middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome. Results from subgroup analyses of human studies showed that resveratrol has a significant effect on metabolic parameters at doses > 500 mg and with long-term interventions 6gt;= 10 weeks. Administration of resveratrol can significantly reduce waist circumference, triglycerides, and glucose levels; it can also increase HDL, but not total cholesterol. In this context, we can conclude that resveratrol supplementation can be an adjunct in managing metabolic syndrome and its complications. nn
Posologie
Oral administration
500 - 1000 mg
10 - weeks
Emotional balance ✪✪✪✪✪
The results of a meta-analysis showed that resveratrol has no significant effect on memory and cognitive performance; however, it has the potential to improve mood, as well as vitality and fatigue levels.nn
Posologie
Oral administration
Obesity ✪✪✪✪✪
A meta-analysis of 28 clinical trials shows that taking resveratrol reduces body weight by 0.5 kg, body mass index (BMI) by 0.17 kg/m2 and waist circumference by 0.8 cm compared with placebo or no intervention. This analysis included studies on normal-weight, overweight and obese patients, with or without type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, or other chronic conditions. A subgroup analysis suggests that obese patients respond better to resveratrol. Obese patients taking resveratrol had an average weight reduction of 1.15 kg and a BMI reduction of 0.3 kg/m2 compared with placebo. The greatest impact on body weight and BMI occurred with resveratrol doses of 500 mg per day and treatment durations of 3 months or longer.
Posologie
Oral
500 - 500 mg
3 - months
Oxidative stress ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol, a powerful antioxidant, plays a dual role in combating oxidative stress. On one hand, it increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes; on the other, it acts as a free radical scavenger. Resveratrol also prevents the oxidation of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), thereby contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Studies have shown that a daily supplementation of 500 mg of resveratrol can significantly increase serum levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase), a key antioxidant enzyme, and total antioxidant capacity, while reducing concentrations of MDA (malondialdehyde), a marker of cellular damage.
Posologie
Oral
500 mg
Healthy aging ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol is an interesting anti-aging molecule that has diverse biological activity. It acts as a dual antioxidant that can neutralize free radicals and increase intrinsic antioxidant capacity. In addition, resveratrol increases mitochondrial biogenesis and has anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activity.
Posologie
Orally
150 - 500 mg
Acne ✪✪✪✪✪
Topical application of resveratrol in a cream reduced acne severity scores by more than half, as well as the number of lesions.
Posologie
Topically
cream
Alzheimer's disease ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol can attenuate dementia related to Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting amyloid-β (Aβ) production and abnormal Aβ oligomerization, promoting Aβ clearance, and regulating tau neuropathology by inhibiting abnormal tau phosphorylation and aggregation. Resveratrol protects neurons from reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide free radicals, NO and other intra- and extracellular toxins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. nnThe anti-inflammatory properties of resveratrol prevent Aβ-induced neuroinflammation and toxicity by inhibiting NF-κB signaling in microglia and astrocytes. In addition, resveratrol has been reported to have anti-apoptotic activity. nnThese biochemical activities indicate that resveratrol has a potentially strong therapeutic effect for Alzheimer's disease. There is strong evidence that resveratrol is effective in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, but efficacy in humans has not yet been clearly demonstrated. Indeed, the results are somewhat contradictory. It is possible that poor extraction efficiency and the limited chemical stability of resveratrol could be the main obstacles limiting its clinical application. nn
Posologie
Oral
500 - 1000 mg
Examining the Impact of Grape Consumption on Brain Metabolism and Cognitive Function in Patients With Mild Cognitive Decline: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study
Resveratrol Regulates Neuroinflammation and Induces Adaptive Immunity in Alzheimer's Disease
Resveratrol in Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Models: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies
Osteoarthritis ✪✪✪✪✪
A small clinical study conducted on patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis receiving physical therapy and 15 mg of meloxicam per day shows that adding 500 mg of resveratrol per day for 90 days improves pain, function, and stiffness compared with adding a placebo.
Posologie
Oral
500 - 1000 mg
Type 2 diabetes ✪✪✪✪✪
There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of resveratrol in diabetic patients. A preliminary clinical study showed that taking resveratrol at a dose of 250 mg once daily for 3 months, in combination with antidiabetic medications (metformin and/or glibenclamide), reduced HbA1c and fasting blood glucose compared with antidiabetic drugs alone in patients with type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis of the results of this study and another small clinical trial also found that taking 250 to 1000 mg of resveratrol per day for up to 3 months reduced fasting blood glucose by 35 mg/dL, fasting insulin by 4.6 mcIU/mL, and HbA1c by 0.8 compared with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes. In most studies, resveratrol was taken at doses between 250-1000 mg per day for a maximum of 3 months.
Posologie
Oral
250 - 1000 mg
3 - months
Adults
Properties
Anti-inflammatory
Resveratrol acts as a potent anti-inflammatory by interfering with key molecular pathways, notably NF-kB and MAPK, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators such as CRP and TNF-alpha. However, it does not affect IL-6 levels. These findings suggest that resveratrol could be beneficial in reducing inflammatory states associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Usages associés
Anti-aging
Resveratrol, famed for its anti-aging properties, regulates the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby influencing longevity and cellular health. It activates key molecules such as sirtuins and SIRT1 (proteins known for their role in regulating longevity), and stimulates expression of the Klotho gene, known for its anti-aging effects. By inhibiting mitochondrial ATP synthase, resveratrol increases levels of the tumor suppressor protein TP53 and promotes SIRT1 expression, suggesting significant potential in combating aging and associated diseases. Resveratrol may also act by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).
Usages associés
Cardiovascular
Resveratrol is of interest for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Preliminary research suggests that chronic administration of resveratrol may improve myocardial function in models of myocardial ischemia. Other potential cardioprotective effects of resveratrol, as shown by human and laboratory research, have included the regulation of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol has been shown to modulate endothelial cell activity and nitric oxide production. In addition, results from human and animal studies suggest that resveratrol may reduce blood pressure.
Usages associés
Antioxidant
Resveratrol reduces elevated levels of oxidative stress by scavenging ROS (reactive oxygen species), as shown by a number of in vitro and in vivo studies. As a reminder, oxidative stress occurs when ROS concentrations are not controlled by endogenous antioxidants. To characterize oxidative stress in many pathological conditions, oxidative stress markers such as total antioxidant status or total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, and sulfhydryl groups are evaluated. A recent meta-analysis found that resveratrol supplementation increased TAC levels, while it had no notable effects on oxidative markers such as SOD, catalase, or glutathione peroxidase.
Usages associés
Metabolic
Clinical research has shown that resveratrol can reduce blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels and improve insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it does not appear to improve beta-cell function. Some clinical evidence has attributed the antidiabetic effects of resveratrol to its ability to reduce oxidative stress. In addition, resveratrol's antidiabetic effects may result from its ability to modulate enzymes involved in inflammation and apoptosis.
Usages associés
Neurological
Resveratrol could play a role in the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. In vitro, resveratrol prevents reductions in glutathione associated with the beta-amyloid peptide. This suggests that resveratrol could prevent oxidative damage caused by the beta-amyloid peptide. Resveratrol also appears to block beta-amyloid aggregation. Resveratrol has been evaluated for its effects on presumed markers of Alzheimer’s disease such as tau proteins and Ab40 (note: the co-presence of β-amyloid and tau protein aggregates are the hallmark features of Alzheimer’s disease). Clinical research shows that taking encapsulated resveratrol at doses starting from 500 mg per day for a total of 52 weeks led to changes in some markers. The authors conclude that resveratrol and its main metabolites crossed the blood–brain barrier to exert effects on the central nervous system. Resveratrol increases cerebral blood flow, as evidenced by increases in hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin (hemoglobin not bound to oxygen). It is possible that resveratrol protects against neuronal apoptotic cell death by modulating the expression of apoptotic genes or by interfering with signaling pathways.
Usages associés
Anticancer
Resveratrol is of interest for cancer prevention and for improving mortality. Trans-resveratrol has antimutagenic activity. Preliminary research in animal models suggests that resveratrol may reduce cancer risk. It appears to inhibit tumor growth, promote apoptosis, and delay the formation of metastases. The effect of resveratrol on cellular apoptosis varies depending on the conditions. In some cases it facilitates apoptosis and in others it inhibits it. In vitro, low concentrations of resveratrol inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis of human leukemic cells. In addition, resveratrol inhibits growth and induces death of ovarian cancer cell lines. However, cell death appears to be mediated by autophagic processes rather than by apoptosis. Resveratrol also inhibits growth and induces apoptotic cell death of breast cancer cell lines, medulloblastoma cell lines, and other cell lines in vitro. However, in an animal model, adding resveratrol to the diet does not reduce intestinal tumor burden as measured by COX-2 expression.
Safe dosage
Adult: 200 mg - 500 mg
Resveratrol has most often been used at doses of 250 to 500 mg per day for a period of up to 3 months.
Interactions
Médicaments
Cytochrome P450 substrate: moderate interaction
In vitro research suggests that resveratrol inhibits the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2E1 (CYP2E1). In addition, a pharmacokinetic study shows that taking 500 mg of resveratrol per day for 10 days before a single 250 mg dose of chlorzoxazone increases the maximum concentration of chlorzoxazone by about 54%, the area under the curve of chlorzoxazone by about 72%, and the half-life of chlorzoxazone by about 35%. Theoretically, resveratrol could increase levels of other drugs metabolized by this enzyme. Drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 include acetaminophen, chlorzoxazone, ethanol, theophylline, and anesthetics such as enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane.
Precautions
Surgical intervention: use with caution
Resveratrol has antiplatelet effects and can cause excessive bleeding if used perioperatively. It is recommended to stop resveratrol at least 2 weeks before a non-urgent surgical procedure.
Hormone-sensitive disease: avoid
Because resveratrol may have estrogenic effects, women with hormone-sensitive disorders should avoid resveratrol. Some of these conditions include breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids.
Pregnancy: avoid
Insufficient data.
Breastfeeding: avoid
Insufficient data.
